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Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Brown, W. and Gyeltshen, D. (2025) Can a major geomagnetic and auroral disturbance originate from a solar active region close to the limb? Space Weather, 23 (8). e2025SW004517. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2025SW004517

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Brown, W. and Vázquez, M. (2025) The May 2024 event in the context of auroral activity over the past 375 yr. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 540 (4). pp. 3596-3624. ISSN 0035-8711 doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf827

Xiu, Z.‐F., Ma, Y.‐Z., Zhang, Q.‐H., Xing, Z.‐Y., Zhang, S.‐R., Zhang, Y.‐L., Oksavik, K., Lyons, L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Wang, Y. (2024) Direct observation of the space hurricane disturbed polar thermosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 51 (1). e2023GL106735. ISSN 1944-8007 doi: 10.1029/2023gl106735

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Usoskin, I., Hayakawa, H., Pope, B. J. S. and McCracken, K. (2024) Reconstructing sunspot number by forward-modelling open solar flux. Solar Physics, 299 (1). 3. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-023-02241-3

Chi, Y., Shen, C., Liu, J., Zhong, Z., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Yu, B., Heyner, D., Auster, H.-U., Richter, I., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Guo, J., Sánchez-Cano, B., Pan, Z., Zou, Z., Xu, M., Cheng, L., Su, Z., Mao, D., Zhang, Z., Wang, C., Wu, Z., Wang, G., Xiao, S., Liu, K., Hao, X., Li, Y., Chen, M. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2023) The dynamic evolution of multipoint interplanetary coronal mass ejections observed with BepiColombo, Tianwen-1, and MAVEN. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 951 (1). L14. ISSN 0004-637X doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/acd7e7

Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Lang, M. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2023) SIR-HUXt—A particle filter data assimilation scheme for CME time-elongation profiles. Space Weather, 21 (6). e2023SW003487. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2023SW003487

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Milan, S. E. (2023) Universal time variations in the magnetosphere. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 10. 1139295. ISSN 2296-987X doi: 10.3389/fspas.2023.1139295

Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, de Koning, C. A., Amerstorfer, T., Hinterreiter, J., Möstl, C., Davies, J. A. and Riley, P. (2022) Quantifying the uncertainty in CME kinematics derived from geometric modeling of heliospheric imager data. Space Weather, 20 (1). e2021SW002841. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2021SW002841

Macneil, A. R., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Wicks, R. T. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2021) Evolving solar wind flow properties of magnetic inversions observed by Helios. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 501 (4). pp. 5379-5392. ISSN 0035-8711 doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa3983

Zhang, Q.-H., Zhang, Y.-L., Wang, C., Oksavik, K., Lyons, L. R., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Yang, H.-G., Tang, B.-B., Moen, J. I., Xing, Z.-Y., Ma, Y.-Z., Wang, X.-Y., Ning, Y.-F. and Xia, L.-D. (2021) A space hurricane over the Earth’s polar ionosphere. Nature Communications, 12. 1207. ISSN 2041-1723 doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21459-y

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2020) Editorial: citation malpractice. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 476 (2242). ISSN 1364-5021 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0746

Harrison, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2020) Rapid indirect solar responses observed in the lower atmosphere. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 476 (2241). 20200164. ISSN 1364-5021 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0164

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Ball, W. (2020) Placing limits on long-term variations in quiet-Sun irradiance and their contribution to total solar irradiance and solar radiative forcing of climate. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 476. 20200077. ISSN 1364-5021 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0077

Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Nicoll, K. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-6325, Ambaum, M. H. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-8083, Marlton, G. J., Aplin, K. L. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2020) Precipitation modification by ionization. Physical Review Letters, 124 (19). 198701. ISSN 0031-9007 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.198701

Macneil, A. R., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Wicks, R. T., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bentley, S. N. and Lang, M. (2020) The evolution of inverted magnetic fields through the inner heliosphere. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 494 (3). pp. 3642-3655. ISSN 0035-8711 doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa951

Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lang, M., Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Riley, P., Ben-Nun, M., Scott, C. J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Reiss, M. A., Arge, C. N. and Gonzi, S. (2020) A computationally efficient, time-dependent model of the solar wind for use as a surrogate to three-dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Solar Physics, 295 (3). 43. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-020-01605-3

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lang, M., Riley, P., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Lawless, A. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-6568 (2020) Quantifying the latitudinal representivity of in situ solar wind observations. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 10. 8. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: 10.1051/swsc/2020009

Macneil, A. R., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Štverák, Š. and Owen, C. J. (2020) Radial evolution of sunward strahl electrons in the inner heliosphere. Solar Physics, 295 (16). ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-019-1579-3

Haines, C., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Ruffenach, A. (2019) The variation of geomagnetic storm duration with intensity. Solar Physics, 294 (11). 154. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-019-1546-z

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2019) Does adding solar wind Poynting flux improve the optimum solar wind - magnetosphere coupling function? Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (7). pp. 5498-5515. ISSN 2169-9380 doi: 10.1029/2019JA026639

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Riley, P., Lang, M. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2019) Near-Earth solar wind forecasting using corotation from L5: the error introduced by heliographic latitude offset. Space Weather, 17 (7). pp. 1105-1113. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2019SW002204

Bentley, S. N., Watt, C. E. J., Rae, I. J., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Murphy, K., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Sandhu, J. K. (2019) Capturing uncertainty in magnetospheric ultra-low frequency wave models. Space Weather, 17 (4). pp. 599-618. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2018SW002102

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bentley, S. N., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Watt, C. E. and Allanson, O. (2019) The development of a space climatology: 1. solar-wind magnetosphere coupling as a function of timescale and the effect of data gaps. Space Weather, 17 (1). pp. 133-156. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2018SW001856

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bentley, S. N., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Watt, C. E., Allanson, O. and Freeman, M. P. (2019) The development of a space climatology: 2. the distribution of power input into the magnetosphere on a 3-hourly timescale. Space Weather, 17 (1). pp. 157-179. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2018SW002016

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bentley, S. N., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Watt, C. E., Allanson, O. and Freeman, M. P. (2019) The development of a space climatology: 3. Models of the evolution of distributions of space weather variables with timescale. Space Weather, 17 (1). pp. 180-209. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2018SW002017

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2018) Seasons of MISTs and mellow fruitfulness. Astronomy and Geophysics, 59 (6). 6.14-6.18. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: 10.1093/astrogeo/aty272

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 and Macneil, A. R. (2018) Generation of inverted heliospheric magnetic flux by coronal loop opening and slow solar wind release. The Astrophysical Journal, 868 (1). L14. ISSN 0004-637X doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aaee82

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Jones, G. S. and Usoskin, I. (2017) Frost fairs, sunspots and the Little Ice Age. Astronomy & Geophysics, 58 (2). 2.17-2.23. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: 10.1093/astrogeo/atx057

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Riley, P. (2017) Global solar wind variations over the last four centuries. Scientific Reports, 7. 41548. ISSN 2045-2322 doi: 10.1038/srep41548

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 and Usoskin, I. G. (2016) Tests of sunspot number sequences: 3. Effects of regression procedures on the calibration of historic sunspot data. Solar Physics, 291 (9). pp. 2829-2841. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-015-0829-2

Usoskin, I. G., Kovaltsov, G. A., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Mursula, K., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 and Solanki, S. K. (2016) A new calibrated sunspot group series since 1749: statistics of active day fractions. Solar Physics, 291 (9-10). pp. 2685-2708. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-015-0838-1

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 and Usoskn, I. G. (2016) An assessment of sunspot number data composites over 1845-2014. The Astrophysical Journal, 824 (1). 54. ISSN 1538-4357 doi: 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/54

Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Crothers, S. R., Davies, J. A. and Harrison, R. A. (2015) Differences between the CME fronts tracked by an expert, an automated algorithm, and the Solar Stormwatch project. Space Weather, 13 (10). pp. 709-725. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1002/2015SW001280

Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Tucker-Hood, K., Wilkinson, J., Harder, B. and Baeten, E. (2015) Solar stormwatch: tracking solar eruptions. Astronomy & Geophysics, 56 (4). 4.20-4.24. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: 10.1093/astrogeo/atv131

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 (2015) An arch in the UK. Astronomy and Geophysics, 56 (4). 4.25-4.30. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: 10.1093/astrogeo/atv132

Zhang, Q.-H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Foster, J. C., Zhang, S.-R., Zhang, B.-C., McCrea, I. W., Moen, J., Lester, M. and Ruohoniemi, J. M. (2015) Direct observations of the full Dungey convection cycle in the polar ionosphere for southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (6). pp. 4519-4530. ISSN 2169-9380 doi: 10.1002/2015JA021172

Frühauff, D., Glassmeier, K.-H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Heyner, D. (2015) Extracting planetary waves from geomagnetic time series using Empirical Mode Decomposition. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 129. pp. 6-12. ISSN 1364-6826 doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2015.04.002

Aplin, K. L. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2015) Further considerations of cosmic ray modulation of infra-red radiation in the atmosphere. Astroparticle Physics, 68. pp. 52-60. ISSN 0927-6505 doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2015.03.001

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Bennett, A. J., Thomas, S. R., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X and Lam, M. M. (2015) Lightning as a space-weather hazard: UK thunderstorm activity modulated by the passage of the heliospheric current sheet. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (22). pp. 9624-9632. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: 10.1002/2015GL066802

Usoskin, I. G., Arlt, R., Asvestari, E., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Käpylä, M., Kovaltsov, G. A., Krivova, N., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Mursula, K., O'Reilly, J., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Sokoloff, D. D., Solanki, S. K., Soon, W. and Vaquero, J. M. (2015) The Maunder minimum (1645-1715) was indeed a grand minimum: a reassessment of multiple datasets. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 581. A95. ISSN 0004-6361 doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201526652

Huntingford, C., Marsh, T., Scaife, A. A., Kendon, E. J., Hannaford, J., Kay, A. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Prudhomme, C., Reynard, N. S., Parry, S., Lowe, J. A., Screen, J. A., Ward, H. C., Roberts, M., Stott, P. A., Bell, V. A., Bailey, M., Jenkins, A., Legg, T., Otto, F. E. L., Massey, N., Schaller, N., Slingo, J. and Allen, M. R. (2015) Reply to 'Drivers of the 2013/14 winter floods in the UK'. Nature Climate Change, 5 (6). pp. 491-492. ISSN 1758-678X doi: 10.1038/nclimate2613

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, McCracken, K. G., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 (2015) The heliospheric Hale cycle over the last 300 years and its implications for a “lost” late 18th century solar cycle. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 5. A30. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: 10.1051/swsc/2015032

Huntingford, C., Marsh, T., Scaife, A. A., Kendon, E. J., Hannaford, J., Kay, A. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Prudhomme, C., Reynard, N. S., Parry, S., Lowe, J. A., Screen, J. A., Ward, H. C., Roberts, M., Stott, P. A., Bell, V. A., Bailey, M., Jenkins, A., Legg, T., Otto, F. E. L., Massey, N., Schaller, N., Slingo, J. and Allen, M. R. (2014) Potential influences on the United Kingdom's floods of winter 2013/14. Nature Climate Change, 4 (9). pp. 769-777. ISSN 1758-6798 doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2314

Huntingford, C., Marsh, T., Scaife, A. A., Kendon, E. J., Hannaford, J., Kay, A. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Prudhomme, C., Reynard, N. S., Parry, S., Lowe, J. A., Screen, J. A., Ward, H. C., Roberts, M., Stott, P. A., Bell, V. A., Bailey, M., Jenkins, A., Legg, T., Otto, F. E. L., Massey, N., Schaller, N., Slingo, J. and Allen, M. R. (2014) Potential influences on the United Kingdom's floods of winter 2013/14. Nature Climate Change, 4 (9). pp. 769-777. ISSN 1758-678X doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2314

Zhang, Q.-H., Zhang, B.-C., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Hu, H.-Q., Moen, J. I., Ruohoniemi, J. M., Thomas, E.G., Zhang, S.-R., Yang, H.-G., Lui, R. Y., McWilliams, K. A. and Baker, J. B. H. (2013) Direct observations of the evolution of polar cap ionization patches. Science, 339 (6127). pp. 1597-1600. ISSN 1095-9203 doi: 10.1126/science.1231487

Davis, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Davies, J. A., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2012) Predicting the arrival of high-speed solar wind streams at Earth using the STEREO Heliospheric Imagers. Space Weather, 10 (2). ISSN 1542-7390 doi: 10.1029/2011SW000737

Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2012) Cyclic loss of open solar flux since 1868: the link to heliospheric current sheet tilt and implications for the Maunder Minimum. Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics, 117 (A4). ISSN 0148-0227 doi: 10.1029/2011JA017193

Zhang, Q.-H., Dunlop, M. W., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Lavraud, B., Bogdanova, Y. V., Hasegawa, H., Yang, H.-G., Liu, R.-Y., Hu, H.-Q., Zhang, B.-C., Pu, Z.-Y., Yang, Z.-W., Wang, J., Taylor, M. G. G. T., Berchem, J., Constantinescu, D., Volwerk, M., Frey, H., Fazakerley, A. N., Shen, C., Shi, J.-K., Sibeck, D., Escoubet, P. and Wild, J. A. (2012) Inner plasma structure of the low-latitude reconnection layer. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (A8). A08205. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: 10.1029/2012JA017622

Jones, G. S., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Stott, P. A. (2012) What influence will future solar activity changes over the 21st century have on projected global near-surface temperature changes? Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (D5). D05103. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: 10.1029/2011JD017013

Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Ambaum, M. H. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-8083 and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2011) Cloud base height and cosmic rays. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 467 (2134). pp. 2777-2791. ISSN 1471-2946 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2011.0040

Barnard, L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Hapgood, M. A., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Davis, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 and Steinhilber, F. (2011) Predicting space climate change. Geophysical Research Letters, 38. L16103. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: 10.1029/2011GL048489

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Crooker, N. U. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2011) How is open solar magnetic flux lost over the solar cycle? Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics, 116. A04111. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: 10.1029/2010JA016039

Zhang, Q.-H., Zhang, B.-C., Liu, R.-Y., Dunlop, M. W., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Moen, J., Yang, H.-G., Hu, H.-Q., Hu, Z.-J., Liu, S.-L., McCrea, I. W. and Lester, M. (2011) On the importance of interplanetary magnetic field (By)on polar cap patch formation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116. A05308. ISSN 2156-2202 doi: 10.1029/2010JA016287

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2011) Solar physics: shining a light on solar impacts. Nature Climate Change, 1 (2). pp. 98-99. ISSN 1758-678X doi: 10.1038/nclimate1096

Barnard, L. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2011) A survey of gradual solar energetic particle events. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116. A05103. ISSN 2156-2202 doi: 10.1029/2010JA016133

Woollings, T., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Masato, G., Bell, C. and Gray, L. (2010) Enhanced signature of solar variability in Eurasian winter climate. Geophysical Research Letters, 37. L20805. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: 10.1029/2010GL044601

Zhang, Q.H., Dunlop, M.W., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Liu, R.Y., Hu, H.Q., Yang, H.G., Hu, Z.J., Bogdanova, Y.V., Shen, C., Zhang, B.C., Han, D.S., Liu, S.L., McCrea, I.W. and Lester, M. (2010) Simultaneous observations of reconnection pulses at Cluster and their effects on the cusp aurora seen at Chinese Yellow River Station. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115. A10237. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: 10.1029/2010JA015526

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bell, C., Woollings, T., Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Gray, L. J. and Haigh, J. D. (2010) Top-down solar modulation of climate: evidence for centennial-scale change. Environmental Research Letters, 5 (3). 034008. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/034008

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Woollings, T. J. and Solanki, S. K. (2010) Are cold winters in Europe associated with low solar activity? Environmental Research Letters, 5 (2). 024001. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/5/2/024001

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2010) Solar change and climate: an update in the light of the current exceptional solar minimum. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 466 (2114). pp. 303-329. ISSN 1364-5021 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2009.0519

Zhang, Q.-H., Dunlop, M. W., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Liu, R.-Y., Hu, H.-Q., Yang, H.-G., Hu, Z.-J., Bogdanova, Y. V., Shen, C., Zhang, B.-C., Han, D.-S., Liu, S.-L., McCrea, I. W. and Lester, M. (2010) Simultaneous observations of reconnection pulses at Cluster and their effects on the cusp aurora observed at the Chinese Yellow River station. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (A10237). ISSN 2156-2202 doi: 10.1029/2010JA015526

Gray, L. J., Beer, J., Geller, M., Haigh, J.D., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Matthes, K., Cubasch, U., Fleitmann, D., Harrison, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Hood, L., Luterbacher, J., Meehl, G.A., Shindell, D., van Geel, B. and White, W. (2010) Solar influences on climate. Reviews of Geophysics, 48 (RG4001). ISSN 8755-1209 doi: 10.1029/2009RG000282

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 (2009) The accuracy of using the Ulysses result of the spatial invariance of the radial heliospheric field to compute the open solar flux. The Astrophysical Journal, 701 (2). pp. 964-973. ISSN 0004-637X doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/964

Davis, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Davies, J. A., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Rouillard, A. P., Eyles, C. J. and Harrison, R. A. (2009) Stereoscopic imaging of an Earth-impacting solar coronal mass ejection: a major milestone for the STEREO mission. Geophysical Research Letters, 36. L08102. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: 10.1029/2009GL038021

Cai, H.T., McCrea, I.W., Dunlop, M.W., Davies, J.A., Bogdanova, Y.V., Pitout, F., Milan, S.E., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Ma, S.Y. (2009) Cusp observations during a sequence of fast IMF B-Z reversals. Annales Geophysicae, 27 (7). pp. 2721-2737. ISSN 0992-7689 doi: 10.5194/angeo-27-2721-2009

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Rouillard, A. P. and Finch, I. D. (2009) The rise and fall of open solar flux during the current grand solar maximum. The Astrophysical Journal, 700 (2). pp. 937-944. ISSN 0004-637X doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/937

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2008) Recent changes in solar outputs and the global mean surface temperature. III. Analysis of contributions to global mean air surface temperature rise. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 464 (2094). pp. 1387-1404. ISSN 1471-2946 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2007.0348

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Fröhlich, C. (2008) Recent oppositely directed trends in solar climate forcings and the global mean surface air temperature. II. Different reconstructions of the total solar irradiance variation and dependence on response time scale. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 464 (2094). pp. 1367-1385. ISSN 1364-5021 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2007.0347

Rouillard, A. P. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2007) Centennial changes in solar activity and the response of galactic cosmic rays. Advances in Space Research, 40 (7). pp. 1078-1086. ISSN 0273-1177 doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2007.02.096

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2007) What do cosmogenic isotopes tell us about past solar forcing of climate? Space Science Reviews, 125 (1-4). pp. 95-109. ISSN 0038-6308 doi: 10.1007/s11214-006-9049-2

Rouillard, A. P. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2007) The latitudinal effect of corotating interaction regions on galactic cosmic rays. Solar Physics, 245 (1). pp. 191-206. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1007/s11207-007-9019-1

Davies, J.A., Dunlop, M.W., Perry, C.H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Alexeev, I., Taylor, M.G.G.T., Fazakerley, A.N., Owen, C.J., Marchaudon, A., Friedel, R.H.W., Deng, X.H., Grande, M. and Daly, P.W. (2006) Energetic electron signatures in an active magnetotail plasma sheet. Advances in Space Research, 38 (8). pp. 1608-1614. ISSN 0273-1177 doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2006.02.012

Kahan, M. A., Lee, H., Kim, S.-W., Richards, T., Tosh, I., Morris, N. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2005) Stray-light analysis of Amon-Ra instrument. Proceedings: SPIE The International Society for Optical Engineering, 5867. 586706. ISSN 0277-786X doi: 10.1117/12.639585

Kahan, M. A., Lee, H., Kim, S.-W., Richards, T., Tosh, I., Morris, N. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2005) Stray-light analysis of Amon-Ra instrument. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 5867. 586706. ISSN 0277-786X doi: 10.1117/12.639585

Wang, Y., Lee, H., Tosh, I., Morris, N., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Kim, S.-W., Weng, Z., Ye, S. and Sasian, J. M. (2005) The optomechanical design of Amon-Ra instrument. Proceedings: SPIE The International Society for Optical Engineering, 5638. pp. 248-261. ISSN 0277-786X doi: 10.1117/12.573624

Wang, Y., Lee, H., Tosh, I., Morris, N., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Kim, S.-W., Weng, Z., Ye, S. and Sasian, J. M. (2005) The optomechanical design of Amon-Ra instrument. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 5638. pp. 248-261. ISSN 0277-786X doi: 10.1117/12.573624

Mackay, D. H., Priest, E. R. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2002) The evolution of the Sun's open magnetic flux: I. a single bipole. Solar Physics, 207 (2). pp. 291-308. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1023/A:1016249917230

Mackay, D.H. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2002) The evolution of the sun’s open magnetic flux: II. full solar cycle simulations. Solar Physics, 209 (2). pp. 287-309. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: 10.1023/A:1021230604497

Pulkkinen, T.I., Nevanlinna, H., Pulkkinen, P.J. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2001) The Sun-Earth connection in time scales from years to decades and centuries. Space Science Reviews, 95 (1/2). pp. 625-637. ISSN 0038-6308 doi: 10.1023/A:1005299314802

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2001) The day the solar wind nearly died. Nature, 409 (6821). pp. 677-679. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: 10.1038/35055654

Sibeck, D.G., Paschmann, G., Treumann, R.A., Fuselier, S.A., Lennartsson, W., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Lundin, R., Ogilvie, K.W., Onsager, T.G., Phan, T.-D., Roth, M., Scholer, M., Sckopke, N., Stasiewicz, K. and Yamauchi, M. (1999) Plasma transfer processes at the magnetopause. Space Science Reviews, 88 (1/2). pp. 207-283. ISSN 0038-6308 doi: 10.1023/A:1005255801425

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Wild, M. N., Stamper, R., Davis, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 and Grande, M. (1999) Predicting solar disturbance effects on navigation systems. Journal of Navigation, 52 (2). pp. 203-216. ISSN 0373-4633 doi: 10.1017/S0373463399008279

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Davis, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 (1999) The correct application of Poynting's theorem to the time-dependent magnetosphere: reply to Heikkila. Annales Geophysicae, 17 (2). pp. 178-181. ISSN 0992-7689 doi: 10.1007/s00585-999-0178-2

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Stamper, R. and Wild, M. N. (1999) A doubling of the sun's coronal magnetic field during the last 100 years. Nature, 399 (6735). pp. 437-439. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: 10.1038/20867

Sandholt, P. E., Moen, J., Stauning, P., Holtet, J. A., Cowley, S. W. H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Løvhaug, U. P., Hansen, T. and Egeland, A. (1998) Temporal and spatial variability of auroral forms in the 10–14 MLT sector: Relationship to plasma convection and solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. Earth, Planets and Spac, 50 (8). pp. 663-682. ISSN 1343-8832 doi: 10.1186/BF03352161

Sandholt, P. E., Moen, J., Stauning, P., Holtet, J. A., Cowley, S. W. H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Løvhaug, U. P., Hansen, T. and Egeland, A. (1998) Temporal and spatial variability of auroral forms in the 10–14 MLT sector: Relationship to plasma convection and solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. Earth, Planets and Space, 50 (8). pp. 663-682. ISSN 1343-8832 doi: 10.1186/BF03352161

Onsager, T.G. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) High-latitude particle precipitation and its relationship to magnetospheric source regions. Space Science Reviews, 80 (1/2). pp. 77-107. ISSN 0038-6308 doi: 10.1023/A:1004925720793

Cowley, S.W.H. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) Incoherent scatter radar observations related to magnetospheric dynamics. Advances in Space Research, 20 (4-5). pp. 873-882. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00495-X

Opgenoorth, H. J. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) Opportunities for magnetospheric research with coordinated cluster and ground-based observations. Space Science Reviews, 79 (1/2). pp. 599-637. ISSN 0038-6308 doi: 10.1023/A:1004910721860

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) Testing substorm theories: The need for multipoint observations. Advances in Space Research, 20 (4-5). pp. 883-894. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00496-1

Smith, M. F. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1996) Earth's magnetospheric cusps. Reviews of Geophysics, 34 (2). p. 233. ISSN 8755-1209 doi: 10.1029/96RG00893

Lühr, H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Sandholt, P. E., Hansen, T. L. and Moretto, T. (1996) Multi-instrument ground-based observations of a travelling convection vortices event. Annales Geophysicae, 14 (2). pp. 162-181. ISSN 1432-0576 doi: 10.1007/s00585-996-0162-z

Cowley, S.W.H. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1996) Time-dependent flows in the coupled solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Advances in Space Research, 18 (8). pp. 141-150. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00972-8

Moen, J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Sandholt, P.E., Løvhaug, U.P., Denig, W.F., van Eyken, A.P. and Egeland, A. (1996) Variability of dayside high latitude convection associated with a sequence of auroral transients. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 58 (1-4). pp. 85-96. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00021-6

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Davis, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 (1996) An analysis of the accuracy of magnetopause reconnection rate variations deduced from cusp ion dispersion characteristics. Annales Geophysicae, 14 (2). pp. 149-161. ISSN 1432-0576 doi: 10.1007/s00585-996-0149-9

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1996) The case for transient magnetopause reconnection. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 77 (26). p. 246. ISSN 0096-3941 doi: 10.1029/96EO00175

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1995) Large-scale fields and flows in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Surveys in Geophysics, 16 (3). pp. 389-441. ISSN 1573-0956 doi: 10.1007/BF01044574

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Opgenoorth, H.J. (1995) Opportunities for magnetospheric research using EISCAT/ESR and CLUSTER. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity, 47 (8). pp. 699-721. ISSN 0022-1392

Lester, M., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Yeoman, T. K., Cowley, S. W. H., Lühr, H., Bunting, R. and Farrugia, C. J. (1995) The response of ionospheric convection in the polar cap to substorm activity. Annales Geophysicae, 13 (2). pp. 147-158. ISSN 1432-0576 doi: 10.1007/s00585-995-0147-3

Fox, N. J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S. W. H., Freeman, M. P., Friis-Christensen, E., Milling, D. K., Pinnock, M. and Reeves, G. D. (1994) EISCAT observations of unusual flows in the morning sector associated with weak substorm activity. Annales Geophysicae, 12 (6). pp. 541-553. ISSN 1432-0576 doi: 10.1007/s00585-994-0541-2

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, McCrea, I.W., Millward, G.H., Moffett, R.J. and Rishbeth, H. (1993) EISCAT observations of ion composition and temperature anisotropy in the high-latitude F-region. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 55 (6). pp. 895-906. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(93)90029-X

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Denig, W. F., Farmer, A. D., Davda, V. N., Cowley, S. W. H. and Lühr, H. (1993) Ionospheric signatures of pulsed reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause. Nature, 361 (6411). pp. 424-428. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: 10.1038/361424a0

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1993) Modelling the high-latitude ionosphere for time-varying plasma convection. Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, IEE Proceedings H, 140 (2). pp. 91-100. ISSN 0950-107X

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Coates, A. (1992) Blowing in the solar wind. New Scientist, 133 (1811). pp. 25-30.

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Coates, A. (1992) Blowing in the solar wind. New Scientist, 133 (1811). pp. 25-30. ISSN 0262-4079

Sandholt, P.E., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Denig, W.F., Elphic, R.C. and Leontjev, S. (1992) Dynamic auroral structure in the vicinity of the polar cusp - multipoint observations during southward and northward IMF. Annales Geophysicae, 10 (7). pp. 483-497.

Cowley, S.W.H. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1992) Excitation and decay of solar-wind driven flows in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Annales Geophysicae, 10. pp. 103-115.

Smith, M.F., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Cowley, S.W.H. (1992) The statistical cusp: a flux transfer event model. Planetary and Space Science, 40 (9). pp. 1251-1268. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(92)90082-Y

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1991) On flow reversal boundaries and transpolar voltage in average models of high-latitude convection. Planetary and Space Science, 39 (3). pp. 397-409. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(91)90002-R

Hapgood, M.A., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bowe, G.A., Willis, D.M. and Tulunay, Y.K. (1991) Variability of the interplanetary medium at 1 A.U. over 24 years: 1963–1986. Planetary and Space Science, 39 (3). pp. 411-423. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(91)90003-S

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1991) The excitation of ionospheric convection. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 53 (3-4). pp. 177-199. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(91)90103-E

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1991) The interconnection of the magnetic fields of the Earth and the sun. Endeavour, 15 (3). pp. 126-132.

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1991) The interconnection of the magnetic fields of the Earth and the sun. Endeavour, 15 (3). pp. 126-132. ISSN 0160-9327

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Sandholt, P.E., Farmer, A.D., Cowley, S.W.H., Lybekk, B. and Davda, V.N. (1990) Auroral and plasma flow transients at magnetic noon. Planetary and Space Science, 38 (8). pp. 973-993. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(90)90043-P

Jones, G.O.L., Williams, P.J.S., Winser, K.J. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1990) Characteristics of the high-latitude trough. Advances in Space Research, 10 (6). pp. 191-196. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(90)90253-V

Winser, K.J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Jones, G.O.L., Rishbeth, H. and Ashford, M.G. (1990) Measuring ion temperatures and studying the ion energy balance in the high-latitude ionosphere. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 52 (6-8). pp. 501-517. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(90)90049-S

Robinson, R.M., Clauer, C.R., De La Beaujardiere, O., Kelly, J.D., Friis-christensen, E. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1990) Sondrestrom and EISCAT radar observations of poleward-moving auroral forms. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 52 (6-8). pp. 411-420. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(90)90040-T

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S. W. H. and Sandholt, P. E. (1990) Transient reconnection: Search for ionospheric signatures. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 71 (20). pp. 709-720. ISSN 0096-3941 doi: 10.1029/EO071i020p00709-02

Keating, J.G., Mulligan, F.J., Doyle, D.B., Winser, K.J. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1990) A statistical study of large field-aligned flows of thermal ions at high-latitudes. Planetary and Space Science, 38 (9). pp. 1187-1201. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(90)90026-M

Suvanto, K., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Winser, K.J., Farmer, A.D. and Bromage, B.J.I. (1989) Analysis of incoherent scatter radar data from non-thermal F-region plasma. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 51 (6). pp. 483-495. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(89)90088-3

Suvanto, K., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Winser, K.J., Farmer, A.D. and Bromage, B.J.I. (1989) Analysis of incoherent scatter spectra from non-Maxwellian plasma. Advances in Space Research, 9 (5). pp. 103-106. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(89)90346-3

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Suvanto, K., Winser, K.J., Cowley, S.W.H. and Willis, D.M. (1989) Incoherent scatter radar observations of non-Maxwellian ion velocity distributions in the auroral F-region. Advances in Space Research, 9 (5). pp. 113-118. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(89)90348-7

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Sandholt, P.E., Cowley, S.W.H. and Oguti, T. (1989) Interplanetary magnetic field control of dayside auroral activity and the transfer of momentum across the dayside magnetopause. Planetary and Space Science, 37 (11). pp. 1347-1365. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(89)90106-2

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S.W.H., Clauer, C.R., Todd, H., Crothers, S.R. and Willis, D.M. (1989) Ion flows and heating at a contracting polar-cap boundary: GISMOS observations indicating viscous-like interaction on the flanks of the magnetotail. Advances in Space Research, 9 (5). pp. 39-44. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(89)90337-2

Clauer, C.R., Kelly, J.D., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Robinson, R.M., Ruohoniemi, J.M., de la Beaujardiere, O. and Hakkinen, L. (1989) June 1987 GISMOS experiment: Preliminary report on high time resolution, multi-radar measurements. Advances in Space Research, 9 (5). pp. 29-33. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(89)90335-9

Winser, K.J., Jones, G.O.L., Williams, P.J.S. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1989) Observations of large field-aligned flows of thermal plasma in the auroral ionosphere. Advances in Space Research, 9 (5). pp. 57-63. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(89)90341-4

Farrugia, C.J., Freeman, M.P., Cowley, S.W.H., Southwood, D.J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Etemadi, A. (1989) Pressure-driven magnetopause motions and attendant response on the ground. Planetary and Space Science, 37 (5). pp. 589-607. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(89)90099-8

Winser, K.J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Jones, G.O.L. and Suvanto, K. (1989) Radar observations of non-thermal plasmas at different aspect angles. Advances in Space Research, 9 (5). pp. 107-112. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(89)90347-5

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Freeman, M. P. (1989) Recent Ionospheric Observations Relating to Solar-Wind--Magnetosphere Coupling [and Discussion]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 328 (1598). pp. 93-105. ISSN 1364-503X doi: 10.1098/rsta.1989.0026

Etemadi, A., Cowley, S.W.H. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1989) The effect of rapid changes in ionospheric flow on velocity vectors deduced from radar beam-swinging experiments. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 51 (2). pp. 125-138. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(89)90112-8

Quegan, S., Gill, R.S. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1988) Comparisons between EISCAT observations and model calculations of the high latitude ionosphere. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 50 (12). pp. 1057-1076. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(88)90095-5

Todd, H., Cowley, S.W.H., Etemadi, A., Bromage, B.J.I., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Willis, D.M. and Lühr, H. (1988) Flow in the high latitude ionosphere: measurements at 15s resolution made using the EISCAT ‘Polar’ experiment. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 50 (4-5). pp. 423-446. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(88)90026-8

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S.W.H., Todd, H., Willis, D.M. and Clauer, C.R. (1988) Ion flows and heating at a contracting polar-cap boundary. Planetary and Space Science, 36 (11). pp. 1229-1253. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(88)90076-1

Jones, G. O. L., Williams, P. J. S., Winser, K. J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Suvanto, K. (1988) Large plasma velocities along the magnetic field line in the auroral zone. Nature, 336 (6196). pp. 231-232. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: 10.1038/336231a0

Farmer, A.D., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Fuller-Rowell, T.J., Suvanto, K. and Løvhaug, U.P. (1988) Model predictions of the occurrence of non-Maxwellian plasmas, and analysis of their effects on EISCAT data. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 50 (4-5). pp. 487-499. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(88)90030-X

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Cowley, S.W.H. (1988) Observations at the magnetopause and in the auroral ionosphere of momentum transfer from the solar wind. Advances in Space Research, 8 (9-10). pp. 281-299. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(88)90142-1

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Winser, K.J. (1988) On the determination of ion temperature in the auroral F-region ionosphere. Planetary and Space Science, 36 (11). pp. 1295-1304. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(88)90080-3

Todd, H., Cowley, S.W.H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Willis, D.M. and Lühr, H. (1988) Response time of the high-latitude dayside ionosphere to sudden changes in the north-south component of the IMF. Planetary and Space Science, 36 (12). pp. 1415-1428. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(88)90008-6

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Suvanto, K., St.-Maurice, J.-P., Kikuchi, K., Bromage, B.J.I., Willis, D.M., Crothers, S.R., Todd, H. and Cowley, S.W.H. (1988) Scattered power from non-thermal, F-region plasma observed by EISCAT—evidence for coherent echoes? Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 50 (4-5). pp. 467-485. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(88)90029-3

Etemadi, A., Cowley, S.W.H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Bromage, B.J.I., Willis, D.M. and Lühr, H. (1988) The dependence of high-latitude dayside ionospheric flows on the North-South component of the IMF: A high time resolution correlation analysis using EISCAT “Polar” and AMPTE UKS and IRM data. Planetary and Space Science, 36 (5). pp. 471-498. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(88)90107-9

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1986) Low-energy ion flows into the magnetosphere. Advances in Space Research, 6 (3). pp. 63-77. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(86)90318-2

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1986) Low-energy ion flows into the magnetosphere. Advances in Space Research, 6 (3). pp. 63-77. ISSN 0273-1177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(86)90318-2

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, van Eyken, A.P., Bromage, B.J.I., Waite, J.H., Moore, T.E. and Doupnik, J.R. (1986) Low-energy ion outflows from the ionosphere during a major polar cap expansion — evidence for equatorward motion of inverted-V structures. Advances in Space Research, 6 (3). pp. 93-101. ISSN 02731177 doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(86)90321-2

Willis, D.M., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S.W.H., Van Eyken, A.P., Bromage, B.J.I., Rishbeth, H., Smith, P.R. and Crothers, S.R. (1986) A survey of simultaneous observations of the high-latitude ionosphere and interplanetary magnetic field with EISCAT and AMPTE-UKS. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 48 (9-10). pp. 987-1008. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(86)90071-1

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Moore, T. E., Waite, J. H., Chappell, C. R., Horwitz, J. L. and Heelis, R. A. (1985) The geomagnetic mass spectrometer— mass and energy dispersions of ionospheric ion flows into the magnetosphere. Nature, 316 (6029). pp. 612-613. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: 10.1038/316612a0

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Farmer, A.D., Opgenoorth, H.J. and Crothers, S.R. (1984) EISCAT observations of plasma convection and the high-latitude, winter F-region during substorm activity. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 46 (6-7). pp. 489-499. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(84)90067-9

Farmer, A.D., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Horne, R.B., Bromage, B.J.I. and Freeman, K.S.C. (1984) Field-perpendicular and field-aligned plasma flows observed by EISCAT during a prolonged period of northward IMF. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 46 (6-7). pp. 473-488. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(84)90066-7

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1984) Simplified estimation of ray-path mirroring height for HF radiowaves reflected from the ionospheric F-region. IEE Proceedings F Communications, Radar and Signal Processing, 131 (2). pp. 117-125. ISSN 01437070 doi: 10.1049/ip-f-1.1984.0020

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1983) Field-aligned plasma flow in the quiet, mid-latitude ionosphere deduced from topside soundings. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 45 (1). pp. 1-14. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/S0021-9169(83)80002-6

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1983) Simple M-factor algorithm for improved estimation of the basic maximum usable frequency of radio waves reflected from the ionospheric F-region. IEE Proceedings F Communications, Radar and Signal Processing, 130 (4). pp. 296-302. ISSN 01437070 doi: 10.1049/ip-f-1.1983.0049

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Titheridge, J.E. (1982) Departures from diffusive equilibrium in the topside F-layer from satellite soundings. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 44 (5). pp. 425-440. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(82)90049-6

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1982) Thermal ion flows in the topside auroral ionosphere and the effects of low-altitude, transverse acceleration. Planetary and Space Science, 30 (6). pp. 595-609. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(82)90168-4

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Mitchell, V.B. (1980) Oblique h.f. radiowave propagation in the main trough region of the ionosphere. Radio and Electronic Engineer, 50 (11-12). pp. 559-566. ISSN 00337722 doi: 10.1049/ree.1980.0082

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1980) The bottomside mid-latitude ionospheric trough. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 42 (7). pp. 605-615. ISSN 00219169 doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(80)90095-1

Book or Report Section

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2012) Solar induced climate effects. In: Meyers, R. A. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer. ISBN 9780387894690

Ham, S.J., Lee, H., Lee, J.M., Kim, S.W., Richards, T. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2008) Stray light analysis of SALEX instrument. In: Straka, S. A. (ed.) Optical system contamination: effects, measurements, and control 2008. Proceedings of the Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), 7069. SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA, L690. ISBN 9780819472892

Ham, S.J., Lee, H., Lee, J.M., Kim, S.W., Richards, T. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2008) Stray light analysis of SALEX instrument. In: Straka, S. A. (ed.) Optical system contamination: effects, measurements, and control 2008:. Proceedings of the Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA, L690. ISBN 9780819472892

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2004) Solar Outputs, their variations and their effects of Earth. In: The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate. Proceedings of Saas-Fee Advanced Courses, 34 (34). Springer, 107-304. ISBN 3540238565 (Book authors: J.D. Haigh, M.Lockwood and M.S. Giampapa. Book editors:. I. Rüedi, M. Güdel, and W. Schmutz)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2004) Solar Outputs, their variations and their effects of Earth. In: The Sun, Solar Analogs and the Climate:. Proceedings of Saas-Fee Advanced Courses. Springer. ISBN 3540238565

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2001) Magnetosphere of Earth. In: The Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Nature publishing group & IOP Publishing. ISBN 0333750888 doi: 10.1888/0333750888/2338 (editor: P. Murdin)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2001) Magnetosphere of Earth. In: The Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics:. Nature publishing group & IOP Publishing. ISBN 0333750888 doi: 10.1888/0333750888/2338

Wild, M.N. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) The Cluster-Ground Based Data Centre at RAL. In: Satellite/ground-based coordination source book. ESA Special Publications (SP), SP-1198 (SP-1198). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 361-366. (Satellite/ground-based coordination source book, by M. Lockwood, M.N. Wild and H.J. Opgenoorth (eds. R. Schmidt, P.C. Escoubet and B. Battrick), ESA SP-1198, June 1997)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Opgenoorth, H.J. (1997) Foreword to Sourcebook. In: Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, P.C. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book. ESA Special Publications (SP), SP-1198 (SP-1198). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 7-11. (Satellite/ground-based coordination source book, by M. Lockwood, M.N. Wild and H.J. Opgenoorth (eds. R. Schmidt, P.C. Escoubet and B. Battrick), ESA SP-1198, June 1997)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Opgenoorth, H.J. (1997) Foreword to Sourcebook. In: Lockwood, M., Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, P.C. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book:. ESA Special Publications (SP). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 7-11.

McCrea, I.W. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) Incoherent Scatter Radars. In: Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, C.P. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book. ESA Special Publications (SP), SP-1198 (SP-1198). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 239-266. (http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bullet91/b91publ.htm)

McCrea, I.W. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1997) Incoherent Scatter Radars. In: Lockwood, M., Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, C.P. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book:. ESA Special Publications (SP). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 239-266.

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Opgenoorth, H.J. (1997) Principles of combined ground-based and satellite studies of solar-terrestrial phenomena. In: Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Wild, M.N., Opgennorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, C.P. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book. ESA Special Publications (SP), SP-1198 (SP-1198). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 3-14. (Satellite/ground-based coordination source book, by M. Lockwood, M.N. Wild and H.J. Opgenoorth (eds. R. Schmidt, P.C. Escoubet and B. Battrick), ESA SP-1198, June 1997)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Opgenoorth, H.J. (1997) Principles of combined ground-based and satellite studies of solar-terrestrial phenomena. In: Lockwood, M., Wild, M.N., Opgennorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, C.P. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book:. ESA Special Publications (SP). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 3-14.

Opgenoorth, H.J., Persson, M.A.L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Stamper, R., Wild, M.N., Pellinen, R., Pulkkinen, T., Kauristie, K., Hughes, T. and Kamide, Y. (1997) A new family of geomagnetic disturbance indices. In: Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, P.C. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book. ESA Special Publications (SP), SP-1198 (SP-1198). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 49-62. (Satellite/ground-based coordination source book, by M. Lockwood, M.N. Wild and H.J. Opgenoorth (eds. R. Schmidt, P.C. Escoubet and B. Battrick), ESA SP-1198, June 1997)

Stamper, R., Wild, M.N., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Wallman, S. (1997) An on-line directory facility of STP. In: Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, C.P. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book. ESA Special Publications (SP), SP-1198 (SP-1198). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 367-387. (Satellite/ground-based coordination source book, by M. Lockwood, M.N. Wild and H.J. Opgenoorth (eds. R. Schmidt, P.C. Escoubet and B. Battrick), ESA SP-1198, June 1997)

Stamper, R., Wild, M.N., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Wallman, S. (1997) An on-line directory facility of STP. In: Lockwood, M., Wild, M.N., Opgenoorth, H.J., Schmidt, R., Escoubet, C.P. and Battrick, B. (eds.) Satellite/ground-based coordination source book:. ESA Special Publications (SP). ESA Publications, ESTEC, Noordvijk, The Netherlands, pp. 367-387.

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1995) Ground-Based and satellite observations of the cusp: Evidence for pulsed magnetopause reconnection. In: Song, P., Sonnerup, B.U.Ö. and Thomsen, M.F. (eds.) Physics of the Magnetopause. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 417-426. doi: 10.1029/GM090p0417

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1995) Ground-Based and satellite observations of the cusp: Evidence for pulsed magnetopause reconnection. In: Song, P., Sonnerup, B.U.Ö. and Thomsen, M.F. (eds.) Physics of the Magnetopause:. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 417-426. doi: 10.1029/GM090p0417

Smith, M. F., Winningham, J. D., Slavin, J. A. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1990) DE-2 observations of filamentary currents at ionospheric altitudes. In: Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes. Amarican Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 591-598. doi: 10.1029/GM058p0591 (edited by: C.T. Russell, E.R. Priest and L.C. Lee, Geophys. Monograph Ser. 58)

Smith, M. F., Winningham, J. D., Slavin, J. A. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1990) DE-2 observations of filamentary currents at ionospheric altitudes. In: Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes:. Amarican Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 591-598. doi: 10.1029/GM058p0591

Freeman, M. P., Farrugia, C. J., Cowley, S. W. H., Southwood, D. J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Etemadi, A. (1990) The response of the magnetosphere-ionosphere system to solar wind dynamic pressure variations. In: Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes. in "Physics of magnetic flux ropes", ed. C.T. Russell, E.R. Priest and L.C. Lee, Geophys. Monograph 58, 58. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 611-618. doi: 10.1029/GM058p0611

Freeman, M. P., Farrugia, C. J., Cowley, S. W. H., Southwood, D. J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Etemadi, A. (1990) The response of the magnetosphere-ionosphere system to solar wind dynamic pressure variations. In: Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes:. in "Physics of magnetic flux ropes", ed. C.T. Russell, E.R. Priest and L.C. Lee, Geophys. Monograph 58. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 611-618. doi: 10.1029/GM058p0611

Yau, A. W. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1988) Vertical ion flow in the polar ionosphere. In: Moore, T. E., Waite, J. H., Moorehead, T. W. and Hanson, W. B. (eds.) Modeling Magnetospheric Plasma. AGU Monograph, 44 (44). American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C., U.S.A., pp. 229-240. ISBN Print: 9780875900704. On Line: 9781118664414

Yau, A. W. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1988) Vertical ion flow in the polar ionosphere. In: Moore, T. E., Waite, J. H., Moorehead, T. W. and Hanson, W. B. (eds.) Modeling Magnetospheric Plasma:. AGU Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C., U.S.A., pp. 229-240. ISBN Print: 9780875900704. On Line: 9781118664414

Waite, J. H., Moore, T. E., Chandler, M.O., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Persoon, A., and Suguira, M. (1986) Ion energization in upwelling ion events. In: Chang, T.,, Hudson, M.K., Jasperse, J.R., Johnson, R.G., Kintner, P.M. and Schultz, M. (eds.) Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere. AGU Monograph, 38. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 61-67. ISBN Print: 9780875900636, On-line: 9781118664216 doi: 10.1029/GM038p0061

Waite, J. H., Moore, T. E., Chandler, M.O., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Persoon, A., and Suguira, M. (1986) Ion energization in upwelling ion events. In: Chang, T.,, Hudson, M.K., Jasperse, J.R., Johnson, R.G., Kintner, P.M. and Schultz, M. (eds.) Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere:. AGU Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 61-67. ISBN Print: 9780875900636, On-line: 9781118664216 doi: 10.1029/GM038p0061

Moore, T. E., Waite, J. H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Chappell, C. R. (1986) Observations of coherent transverse ion acceleration. In: Chang, T.,, Hudson, M.K., Jasperse, J.R., Johnson, R.G., Kintner, P.M. and Schultz, M. (eds.) Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere. AGU Monograph, 38. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 50-55. ISBN Print: 9780875900636, On-line: 9781118664216 doi: 10.1029/GM038p0050

Moore, T. E., Waite, J. H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Chappell, C. R. (1986) Observations of coherent transverse ion acceleration. In: Chang, T.,, Hudson, M.K., Jasperse, J.R., Johnson, R.G., Kintner, P.M. and Schultz, M. (eds.) Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere:. AGU Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 50-55. ISBN Print: 9780875900636, On-line: 9781118664216 doi: 10.1029/GM038p0050

Waite, J.H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Moore, T.E., Chandler, M.O., Horwitz, J. and Chappell, C.R. (1986) Solar wind control of the geomagnetic mass spectrometer. In: Kamide, Y. and Slavin, J.A. (eds.) Solar wind - magnetosphere coupling. Astrophysics and Space Science Library (126). Terra Scientifica, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 707-716. ISBN 9027723036 (Reidel)

Waite, J.H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Moore, T.E., Chandler, M.O., Horwitz, J. and Chappell, C.R. (1986) Solar wind control of the geomagnetic mass spectrometer. In: Kamide, Y. and Slavin, J.A. (eds.) Solar wind - magnetosphere coupling:. Astrophysics and Space Science Library. Terra Scientifica, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 707-716. ISBN 9027723036 (Reidel)

Horwitz, J. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Waite, J. H., Moore, T. E., Chappell, C. R. and Chandler, M. O. (1986) Transport of accelerated low-energy ions in the polar magnetosphere. In: Chang, T.,, Hudson, M.K., Jasperse, J.R., Johnson, R.G., Kintner, P.M. and Schultz, M. (eds.) Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere. AGU Monograph, 38. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 56-60. ISBN Print: 9780875900636, On-line: 9781118664216 doi: 10.1029/GM038p0056

Horwitz, J. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Waite, J. H., Moore, T. E., Chappell, C. R. and Chandler, M. O. (1986) Transport of accelerated low-energy ions in the polar magnetosphere. In: Chang, T.,, Hudson, M.K., Jasperse, J.R., Johnson, R.G., Kintner, P.M. and Schultz, M. (eds.) Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere:. AGU Monograph. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., pp. 56-60. ISBN Print: 9780875900636, On-line: 9781118664216 doi: 10.1029/GM038p0056

Conference or Workshop Item

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Riley, P. and Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 (2018) Long-term variations in the heliosphere. In: IAU Symposium 340, 2018-02-19 - 2018-02-23, Jaipur, India.

Carr, C. M., Horbury, T. S., Balogh, A., Bale, S. D., Baumjohann, W., Bravassano, B., Breen, A., Burgess, D., Cargill, P. J., Crooker, N., Erdos, G., Fletcher, L., Forsyth, R. J., Giacolone, J., Glassmeier, K.-H., Hoeksma, J. T., Goldstein, M. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Magnes, W., Maksimovic, M., Marsch, E., Maksimovic, W. H., Murphey, N., Nakariako, V. M., Pachec, J.R., Pincon, J.-L., Riley, P., Russell, C. T., Schwartz, S. J., Szabo, A., Thompson, M., Vainio, R., Velli, M., Vennerstrom, S., Walsh, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. and Zank, G. (2007) A magnetometer for the Solar Orbiter mission. In: The Second Solar Orbiter Workshop, January 2007, pp. 41-47. (in "The Second Solar Orbiter Workshop", ed. L. Conroy, ESA Special Publication, ESA-SP-641)

Dunlop, M.W., Taylor, M.G.G.T., Davies, J.A., Pu, Z., Fazakerley, A.N., Owen, C.J., Bogdanova, Y.V., Pitout, F., Laakso, H., Zong, Q. -G., Shen, C., Nykyri, K., Lavraud, B., Milan, S.E., Liu, Z.-X., Escoubet, C.P., Rème, H., Carr, C.M., Cargill, P., Phan, T.D., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Sonnerup, B. (2006) Comparative Cluster/Double Star observations of the high and low latitude dayside magnetopause. In: Cluster and Double Star Symposium, 5th Anniv. of Cluster, September 2005, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2002) Long-term variations in the open solar flux and possible links to Earth’s climate. In: “From Solar Min to Max: Half a solar cycle with SoHO”, 11th SoHO Symposium, March 2002, Davos, Switzerland, pp. 507-522. (ESA-SP-508: “From Solar Min to Max: Half a solar cycle with SoHO”, Proc. SoHO 11 Symposium, Davos, Switzerland,)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2001) Long-term variations in cosmic ray fluxes and total solar irradiance and global climate change. In: Workshop on Ion-Aerosol-Cloud Interactions, 18-20th April 2001, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. (Proc. Workshop on Ion-Aerosol-Cloud Interactions, ed. J. Kirkby, CERN Yellow Report, CERN-2001-007 (ISSN 0007-8328, ISBN 92-9083-191-0),)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Foster, S.S. (2000) Long-term variations in the magnetic field of the Sun and possible implications for terrestrial climate. In: Proc. 1st. Solar and Space Weather Euroconference, 25-29 September 2000, St Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerofe, Spain, pp. 85-94. (“The solar cycle and Terrestrial Climate”, Proc. 1st. Solar and Space Weather Euroconference, ESP SP-463)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Foster, S.S. (2000) Long-term variations in the magnetic field of the Sun and possible implications for terrestrial climate. In: Proc. 1st. Solar and Space Weather Euroconference, 2000-09-25 - 2000-09-29, St Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerofe, Spain, pp. 85-94.

Stubbs, T. J., Cargill, P., Grande, M., Kellet, B., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Perry, C. H. (2000) Observations of the northern polar cusp with the Polar spacecraft. In: Cluster-II Workshop on Multiscale-Multipoint Measurements, 22 - 24 September 1999, London, pp. 319-322. (in Proc. Cluster-II Workshop on Multiscale-Multipoint Measurements, ESA Special Publication ESA SP-449, European Space Agency Publications, ESTEC, Noordwijk, 2000)

Opgenoorth, H.J., Eglitis, P. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2000) Upgraded ground-based facilities for co-ordinated measurements with Cluster: opportunities for magnetospheric research revisited. In: Cluster-II Workshop on Multiscale-Multipoint Measurements, 22 - 24 September 1999, London, pp. 79-85. (Proc. Cluster-II Workshop on Multiscale-Multipoint Measurements, London, ESA)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1998) Identifying the Open-Closed Field Line Boundary. In: NATO Advanced Study Institute on Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena, 4-13 June 1997, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 73-90. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-5214-3_7 (in "Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena ", ed. J. Moen, A. Egeland and M. Lockwood,)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1998) Identifying the Open-Closed Field Line Boundary. In: NATO Advanced Study Institute on Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena, 1997-06-04 - 1997-06-13, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 73-90. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-5214-3_7

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Fuselier, S., Walker, A. D. M. and Søraas, F. (1998) A Summary of the NATO ASI on Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena. In: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena, 4-13 June 1997, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 415-432. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-5214-3_32 (in "Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena ", ed. J. Moen, A. Egeland and M. Lockwood, NATO ASI Series C, Vol. 509, pp 415-432, Kluwer, Dordrecht,)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Fuselier, S., Walker, A. D. M. and Søraas, F. (1998) A Summary of the NATO ASI on Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena. In: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena, 1997-06-04 - 1997-06-13, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 415-432. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-5214-3_32

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1994) Ionospheric Signatures of Pulsed Magnetopause Reconnection. In: NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Physical Signatures of Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Processes, 9-14 May 1993, Hönefoss, Norway, pp. 229-243. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-1052-5_16 (in "Physical Signatures of Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Processes", Proc. NATO Advanced Study Institute, NATO ASI Series Volume 425, 1994)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1994) Ionospheric Signatures of Pulsed Magnetopause Reconnection. In: NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Physical Signatures of Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Processes, 1993-05-09 - 1993-05-14, Hönefoss, Norway, pp. 229-243. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-1052-5_16

Fox, N.J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S.W.H., Davda, V.N., Enno, G., Friis-Christensen, E., Greenwald, R.A., Kivelson, M., Lester, M., Lühr, H., Milling, D.K., Murphree, J.S., Pinnock, M. and Reeves, G.D. (1994) A comparison of Freja auroral images with substorm cycle observations. In: Second International Conference on Substorms, March 7-11, 1994, Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S.A., pp. 421-428. (Substorms 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Substorms. editors: J. R. Kan, J. D. Craven, S.-I. Akasofu)

Fox, N.J., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Cowley, S.W.H., Davda, V.N., Enno, G., Friis-Christensen, E., Greenwald, R.A., Kivelson, M., Lester, M., Lühr, H., Milling, D.K., Murphree, J.S., Pinnock, M. and Reeves, G.D. (1994) A comparison of Freja auroral images with substorm cycle observations. In: Second International Conference on Substorms, 1994-01-01, Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S.A., pp. 421-428.

Chakrabarti, S., Smith, M. F., Herrero, F. A., Hesse, M., Baker, D. N., Bochsler, P. A., Wurz, P., Balsiger, H., Chakrabarti, S., Erickson, G., Cotton, D. M., Stephen, T. S., Jamar, C. A. J., Gerard, J.-C., Fuselier, S. A., Ghielmetti, A. G., Mende, S. B., Peterson, W. K., Shelley, E. G., Vondrak, R. R., Gallagher, D. L., Moore, T. E., Pollock, C., Arnoldy, R., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Gladstone, R. (1993) High-latitude ion transport and energetic explorer (HI-LITE): a mission to investigate ion outflow from the high-latitude ionosphere. In: Instrumentation for Magnetospheric Imagery II, 11th July, 1993, San Diego, Calfornia, USA, pp. 40-56. doi: 10.1117/12.147643

Chakrabarti, S., Smith, M. F., Herrero, F. A., Hesse, M., Baker, D. N., Bochsler, P. A., Wurz, P., Balsiger, H., Chakrabarti, S., Erickson, G., Cotton, D. M., Stephen, T. S., Jamar, C. A. J., Gerard, J.-C., Fuselier, S. A., Ghielmetti, A. G., Mende, S. B., Peterson, W. K., Shelley, E. G., Vondrak, R. R., Gallagher, D. L., Moore, T. E., Pollock, C., Arnoldy, R., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Gladstone, R. (1993) High-latitude ion transport and energetic explorer (HI-LITE): a mission to investigate ion outflow from the high-latitude ionosphere. In: Instrumentation for Magnetospheric Imagery II, 1993-07-11, San Diego, Calfornia, USA, pp. 40-56. doi: 10.1117/12.147643

Cowley, S.W.H., Morelli, J.P., Freeman, M., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Smith, M.F. (1992) Excitation and decay of flows in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system due to magnetic reconnection at the dayside magnetopause and in the geomagnetic tail. In: First International Conference on Substorms, ICS-1, 23-27 March 1992, Kiruna, Sweden, pp. 117-123. (in "Substorms 1, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Substorms, ICS-1", ed C. Mattock, ESA-SP-335,)

Cowley, S.W.H., Morelli, J.P., Freeman, M., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Smith, M.F. (1992) Excitation and decay of flows in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system due to magnetic reconnection at the dayside magnetopause and in the geomagnetic tail. In: First International Conference on Substorms, ICS-1, 1992-03-23 - 1992-03-27, Kiruna, Sweden, pp. 117-123.

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Cowley, S.W.H. (1992) Ionospheric convection and the substorm cycle. In: the First International Conference on Substorms, ICS-1, 23-27 March 1992, Kiruna, Sweden, pp. 99-109. (in "Substorms 1, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Substorms, ICS-1", ed C. Mattock, ESA-SP-335 European Space Agency Publications, Nordvijk, The Netherlands)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1991) Incoherent scatter radar measurements of the cusp. In: International Workshop on Planning and Coordination of Measurements from Cluster, Ground Stations, Balloons, and Rockets in the Dayside Polar-cusp Region, 16-19 September 1991, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 57-66. (in ”Cluster Dayside Polar Cusp: Planning and Coordination of Measurements from Cluster, Ground Stations, Balloons, and Rockets in the Dayside Polar-cusp Region”, Proceedings of an International Workshop, Longyearbyen, Norway, 16-19 September 1991 ESA Spe)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1991) Requirements for co-ordinated Cluster and ground-based observations of the cusp. In: International Workshop on Planning and Coordination of Measurements from Cluster, Ground Stations, Balloons, and Rockets in the Dayside Polar-cusp Region, 16-19 September 1991, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 203-210. (in ”Cluster Dayside Polar Cusp: Planning and Coordination of Measurements from Cluster, Ground Stations, Balloons, and Rockets in the Dayside Polar-cusp Region”, Proceedings of an International Workshop, Longyearbyen, Norway, 16-19 September 1991 ESA Spe)

Cowley, S.W.H., Freeman, M.P., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Smith, M.F. (1991) The ionospheric signature of flux transfer events. In: International Workshop on Planning and Coordination of Measurements from Cluster, Ground Stations, Balloons, and Rockets in the Dayside Polar-cusp Region, 16-19 September 1991, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, pp. 105-112. (in ”Cluster Dayside Polar Cusp: Planning and Coordination of Measurements from Cluster, Ground Stations, Balloons, and Rockets in the Dayside Polar-cusp Region”, Proceedings of an International Workshop, Longyearbyen, Norway, 16-19 September 1991 ESA Spe)

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1983) Simplified evaluation of propagation characteristics for HF radiowaves reflected from the ionospheric F2 layer. In: Third International Conference on Antennas and Propagation (ICAP 83), 12-15 April 1983, Norwich, UK, pp. 233-237. (IEE Conference Publication 219, Part 2 (Propagation),)

Bradley, P.A. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1982) Simplified estimation of HF sky-wave mode reliability. In: Second Conference on Hf Communication Systems and Techniques, 15-17 February 1982, pp. 60-64. (Proc. Second Conference on HF Communication Systems and Techniques, IEE conference publication, no. 206.)

Bradley, P.A. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1980) Ionospheric predictions for HF radio systems: the future. In: 27th Meeting of the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Panel of NATO/AGARD, 28-31 October, 1980, Pozzuoli, Italy, (32)1-(32)13. (The Physical Basis of the Ionosphere in the Solar-terrestrial System, AGARD Conf. Proc. 295,)

Bradley, P.A. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (1980) Ionospheric predictions for HF radio systems: the future. In: 27th Meeting of the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Panel of NATO/AGARD, 1980-10-28 - 1980-10-31, Pozzuoli, Italy, (32)1-(32)13.

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